King, A. (1994). Monitoring the Elections in South Africa. Paper presented at the Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation, Seminar No. 1, 26 January.
This paper reflects on how the Committee on South African War Resistance (COSAWR) and its 'resister' thinking impacted on the African National Congress. It opened up the terrain of the military to contest and helped the movement understand militarisation. Before COSAWR and 'resister,' the issue had been discussed in anti-apartheid circles, but no strategy had emerged, possibly because no-one could gauge whether the white community would be receptive.
In the past five or six years, employers, trade unionists, researchers and our criminal and industrial courts have confronted the growing magnitude and brutality of violence in industrial conflict. This article puts focus on the potential of violence in industrial relations and the experiences of trauma resulting from high levels of community violence, which are fundamentally inseparable.
This paper describes drive-by shootings as a form of terrorism and examines how drive-by shootings, attacks on train commuters, customers at shebeens or participants in a night vigil appear to be terrorist tactics that have developed in the context of "self-help war." It emphasises that they are highly effective, military types of attacks that require perpetrators to have reasonable information at their disposal, as well as competence in planning and the use of firearms.
This paper demonstrates that the search for mono-causal explanations of violence in South Africa is fruitless. The convenient terms in which the violence has been labelled, by politicians and the commercial media, often does more to disguise complex causation than it does to explain it.
This essay draws on the concept of embedded policing to argue that community safety rather than community policing must be achieved through the proliferation of civil ordering and injury prevention programmes. This should be coordinated by a Community Safety Forum within which community policing is one of the components of ordering: a Community Policing Charter is proposed, specifying police service standards and methods of implementation. Finally, it is argued that bottom-up initiatives will not succeed unless they hook into a workable national accountability system that creates "circles of power" through which individuals and communities achieve and maintain political leverage.